The Brain That Speaks Two or More Languages: How Multilingualism Alters Human Intelligence?

This article analyzes the impact of the phenomenon of multilingualism on the structure, cognitive functions, and intellectual potential of the human brain from neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic perspectives. The study examines principles of neuroplasticity, changes in gray and white matter density, and the concepts of executive function and cognitive reserve, drawing on data from modern neuroimaging (fMRI, MRI). It provides a scientific rationale for the role of multilingualism in delaying neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and dementia, as well as the influence of foreign language use on rational decision-making.