Risk Analysis of Delayed Departure of Cement Trucks and Proposed Improvements Using Fishbone Diagram and FMEA

Delays in truck departures can disrupt distribution processes and affect a company’s operational targets. This study aims to identify the causes of cement truck departure delays on the Rembang route at PT Semen Indonesia Logistik and to determine improvement priorities using a Fishbone Diagram and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). A descriptive approach with qualitative and quantitative analysis was applied, using operational departure data for May–July 2026, observations, and assessments by two experts. Of 265 departures, 41 were delayed (15.5%). The Fishbone Diagram grouped the causes into five categories: Man, Method/Environment, Machine, Operational, and Administration. The FMEA showed that receiving warehouse stock constraints (level stock) had the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN) of 392 (S = 8, O = 7, D = 7), followed by prolonged parking time (378) and vehicle breakdowns (RSK) (270). Level stock and prolonged parking were the main improvement priorities, together accounting for 32 of 41 delays (78%), while vehicle breakdowns remain under monitoring because of their highest severity.