Qur’anic Ecotheology: Examining the Relationship between God, Humankind, and Nature

This article aims to examine the Qur'anic eco-theological paradigm as an interpretive framework for understanding the relationship between God, humans, and nature. This study is motivated by the fact that the modern ecological crisis stems not only from technical problems, but also from a crisis in humanity's theological view of nature. Using a qualitative, literature-based method, this article conducts an in-depth review of the literature, focusing on the theory of ecotheology as an approach to examining Qur’anic verses concerning God, humanity, and nature. Thus, this article shows that God is understood as both Khāliq and Rabb al-'Ālamīn, who created and maintains the cosmos in balance and with orderly purpose. The orderliness of the ecological system created and maintained by God is intended to support human life, so it must be preserved and conserved. Humans are positioned as khalīfah who carry the ethical mandate to manage the earth responsibly, not as absolute rulers over nature. Meanwhile, nature is understood as āyāt of God that presents both spiritual and ecological dimensions, inviting humans to recognize the Divine presence through reflection and contemplation. The Qur'anic eco-theological paradigm offers a vision of cosmic unity that places environmental concern as an inherent part of human theological, moral, and spiritual consciousness in facing the global ecological crisis. This study contributes to the formation of Islamic environmental ethics oriented towards responsibility, sustainability, and cosmic balance, while enriching contemporary ecotheology discourse as a religious response to the global ecological crisis.