Microwave-Background Anisotropy from Strings in a Bounced Cosmology: The Predicted Fraction and Its Distance from the Planck Bound

This paper computes a consequence of the torsion-regulated bounce for topological defects, using the density ceiling of 9.718e+54 grams per cubic centimetre and the maximum temperature of 3.278e+22 kelvin that follows from it. At the capped tension the predicted string fraction is f_10 = 1.227e-27, against a bound of 0.011: the prediction is below the bound by the square of the tension ratio, an enormous margin. The corresponding root-mean-square contribution to the sky is about 1.051e-12 microkelvin, and the temperature step across a single moving string, by the Kaiser-Stebbins relation at typical network velocity, is delta T over T = 6.275e-19. The tension would have to rise to 1.300e-07 for strings to reach the present bound, a factor in symmetry scale of 1.730e+06 above the ceiling scale. Microwave anisotropy, the historically strongest string probe, therefore has no reach into this framework's allowed range: even a future experiment improving the f_10 bound by several orders of magnitude would remain far from the predicted fraction, because the fraction falls with the square of an already small tension. The calculation is performed from stated assumptions with all arithmetic deposited, and it is a computation, not a measurement.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-11-11
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24142601
Primary Topic
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
article

Microwave-Background Anisotropy from Strings in a Bounced Cosmology: The Predicted Fraction and Its Distance from the Planck Bound

William Alexander Aldred
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
article

Microwave-Background Anisotropy from Strings in a Bounced Cosmology: The Predicted Fraction and Its Distance from the Planck Bound

William Alexander Aldred
article en

Abstract

This paper computes a consequence of the torsion-regulated bounce for topological defects, using the density ceiling of 9.718e+54 grams per cubic centimetre and the maximum temperature of 3.278e+22 kelvin that follows from it. At the capped tension the predicted string fraction is f_10 = 1.227e-27, against a bound of 0.011: the prediction is below the bound by the square of the tension ratio, an enormous margin. The corresponding root-mean-square contribution to the sky is about 1.051e-12 microkelvin, and the temperature step across a single moving string, by the Kaiser-Stebbins relation at typical network velocity, is delta T over T = 6.275e-19. The tension would have to rise to 1.300e-07 for strings to reach the present bound, a factor in symmetry scale of 1.730e+06 above the ceiling scale. Microwave anisotropy, the historically strongest string probe, therefore has no reach into this framework's allowed range: even a future experiment improving the f_10 bound by several orders of magnitude would remain far from the predicted fraction, because the fraction falls with the square of an already small tension. The calculation is performed from stated assumptions with all arithmetic deposited, and it is a computation, not a measurement.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.

Laika access coming soon