Criptoativos e soberania nacional: desafios da regulação tecnológica do sistema financeiro digital brasileiro.

The growth of the crypto-asset market challenges state authority in financial matters, particularly because transactions on decentralized networks cross borders and may operate without traditional intermediaries. This article examines how the Brazilian legal system can regulate crypto-assets without undermining national sovereignty, legal certainty, and freedom of enterprise. The research is qualitative, bibliographical, and documentary, based on the 1988 Federal Constitution, Law No. 14,478/2022, Decree No. 11,563/2023, Central Bank regulations, and studies published between 2020 and 2025, alongside relevant earlier theoretical works. The findings indicate that regulation does not remove technological decentralization but can govern service providers, establish transparency duties, and strengthen the prevention of unlawful activities. Constitutional protection also requires institutional coordination, clear information for users, and risk-proportionate supervision. The article concludes that financial sovereignty in the digital environment depends less on blocking innovation than on building effective, updated rules compatible with fundamental rights.