O paradoxo do empenho impulsivo em obras públicas: o planejamento deficitário e a urgência do "banco de projetos" sob a égide da Lei nº 14.133/2021

Deficit planning in the preparatory phase of public bidding is one of the critical factors for the failure and stoppage of engineering works in Brazil, generating extensive time and cost distortions in the executive phase. According to article 6, item XXV, of Law No. 14,133/2021, the basic design must present a set of precise and sufficient elements to characterize and size the enterprise. However, the persistence of weak preliminary studies and imprecise specifications negatively impacts the development of descriptive memorials, forcing informal and improvised decision-making at the construction site or resulting in the abandonment of the bidding process by the contractors. From the perspective of building diagnostics engineering, it is estimated that poorly designed projects originate about 18% of the pathological manifestations in buildings, showing that the physical conservation of public assets is inseparable from rigid planning guidelines. This study analyzes the relevance of prior administrative and technical planning as a mechanism of budgetary governance and prevention against building degradation in the public sector. Methodologically, an applied research with a qualitative approach is adopted, developed through bibliographic and documentary review. As solution vectors, we propose the structuring of Project Management Offices (PMO) and the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) focused on predictive maintenance and Facility Management (BIM 7D), optimizing efficiency and economy throughout the life cycle of public buildings.