Entropy Density at the Density Limit: A Radiation and Spin-Fluid Estimate

At the limit, the thermal energy exceeds the Fermi energy of the neutron fluid, so the spin carriers are not a cold degenerate gas at the turnaround; they are thermally disordered. The entropy density is enormous by laboratory standards yet finite, and its finiteness traces directly to the finiteness of the temperature ceiling. The computation is performed from stated assumptions in a density-limited bounce, in which the neutron-branch limit density sets a maximum density, a finite bounce temperature, and a minimum horizon size. Headline values from the deposited calculation are: T_bounce_K = 3.28e+22; s_rad_J_K_m3 = 3.55e+52; s_rad_per_kB_m3 = 2.57e+75; n_neutron_per_m3 = 5.80e+84; E_F_J = 1.03e+16; E_F_eV = 6.40e+34; kBT_over_EF = 4.41e-17. The study is simulated and computed, not measured, and its conclusions are stated at the precision the stated assumptions support.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-11-11
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129259
Primary Topic
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Type
article
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article

Entropy Density at the Density Limit: A Radiation and Spin-Fluid Estimate

William Alexander Aldred
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
article

Entropy Density at the Density Limit: A Radiation and Spin-Fluid Estimate

William Alexander Aldred
article en

Abstract

At the limit, the thermal energy exceeds the Fermi energy of the neutron fluid, so the spin carriers are not a cold degenerate gas at the turnaround; they are thermally disordered. The entropy density is enormous by laboratory standards yet finite, and its finiteness traces directly to the finiteness of the temperature ceiling. The computation is performed from stated assumptions in a density-limited bounce, in which the neutron-branch limit density sets a maximum density, a finite bounce temperature, and a minimum horizon size. Headline values from the deposited calculation are: T_bounce_K = 3.28e+22; s_rad_J_K_m3 = 3.55e+52; s_rad_per_kB_m3 = 2.57e+75; n_neutron_per_m3 = 5.80e+84; E_F_J = 1.03e+16; E_F_eV = 6.40e+34; kBT_over_EF = 4.41e-17. The study is simulated and computed, not measured, and its conclusions are stated at the precision the stated assumptions support.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
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