Artificial intelligence and journalism in Ibero-America: A comparative study of perceptions, practices and challenges

This article explores the perceptions, practices, challenges and opportunities associated with the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in journalistic practice within the Ibero-American context. Drawing on an original quantitative comparative study conducted in Portugal, Spain and Brazil, the research investigates how professional journalists understand, engage with and respond to the integration of AI-driven tools in newsrooms. Based on survey data from 271 journalists, the findings reveal widespread but predominantly basic knowledge of AI, general curiosity and cautious optimism regarding its implementation, and notable concern about its impact on professional ethics, job security, and editorial transparency. The study highlights significant variations across countries in the use of AI applications. Key challenges identified include the absence of formal editorial guidelines, limited training opportunities and a lack of transparency in the use of AI-generated content. The research underscores the urgent need for institutional strategies that ensure responsible AI integration, safeguard journalistic standards and support professional development.