The Position of Digital Assets as Objects of Joint Marital Property under Islamic Law and Indonesian Positive Law

The growth of the digital economy has produced assets that are intangible, held on platforms, and accessed through credentials, yet the Marriage Law and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) were drafted with conventional property in mind. This normative juridical study examines whether digital assets acquired during marriage can be objects of joint marital property under Islamic law and Indonesian positive law. Using statutory and conceptual approaches, it analyses Articles 35–37 of Law No. 1 of 1974, Articles 1(f) and 85–97 of the KHI, the Civil Code provisions on objects, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, and crypto-asset regulation, alongside Qur’anic and prophetic evidence interpreted through qiyās, ʿurf, maṣlaḥah mursalah and sadd al-dharāʾiʿ. The study finds that both systems share a functional test, namely economic value, lawful acquisition during marriage, and control by either spouse, so that e-wallet balances, crypto assets, monetised accounts and digital intellectual works can qualify as joint property, while assets brought into the marriage, inherited or received as gifts remain separate. The main difficulties lie in proof, valuation, access and concealment rather than in legal status. The article proposes a differentiated classification, evidentiary and valuation guidelines, and marital agreements as preventive tools.