Developing and Evaluating Digital School Asset Management for Accountability in an Indonesian Island District

Elementary schools require reliable asset information to account for infrastructure and coordinate district oversight. This study developed and evaluated a digital School Asset Management Information System (SIMA) in Tinangkung, an Indonesian island district. An ADDIE research-and-development process combined baseline interviews and surveys, model design, expert review, pilot testing, and an expanded one-group pretest–posttest evaluation. Four experts judged the model fit for implementation with minor revisions; 30 users completed an 18-item practicality questionnaire; and 14 schools contributed paired accountability measurements. Preliminary responses showed manual records in 10 of 11 schools (90.9%) and no direct district data integration in seven (63.6%). The initial practicality score was 75.51% of the possible total. After implementation, mean data accuracy increased from 74.2% to 98.2%, reporting timeliness from 0.0% to 92.3%, and digital asset traceability from 75.4% to 100.0%. Mean normalized gains were 0.94, 0.92, and 1.00, respectively. Primary paired comparisons were statistically significant at the 5% level. The findings indicate promising short-term administrative improvements associated with a three-axis school–cloud–district system, while the absence of a comparison group prevents exclusive causal attribution. The analysis concerns operational governance indicators, not student achievement, long-term financial savings, cybersecurity assurance, or external audit judgments, none of which were measured directly.