Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety among Nurses in Teaching Hospitals of Kabul University of Medical Sciences

Abstract Background Depression and anxiety are among the most prevalent mental health disorders worldwide and represent significant public health concerns. Among nurses, these conditions may adversely affect psychological well-being, job performance, and the quality of patient care. Early identification of mental health problems is essential for implementing timely and appropriate interventions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety among nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated with Kabul University of Medical Sciences. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 179 nurses selected proportionally from four teaching hospitals affiliated with Kabul University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety, and chi-square analysis was performed to assess the association between the two conditions. Results A total of 179 nurses participated in the study, including 119 (66.5%) females and 60 (33.5%) males. Most participants were aged 20 to 29 years (n = 103, 57.5%), married (n = 106, 59.2%), had 1 to 5 years of work experience (n = 106, 59.2%), and held a bachelor's degree (n = 109, 60.9%). The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 38.5% and 36.0%, respectively. Chi-square analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between depression and anxiety, with higher levels of depression associated with greater severity of anxiety symptoms. Conclusion The findings indicate a substantial burden of anxiety and depression among nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated with Kabul University of Medical Sciences. These results highlight the need for workplace mental health programs, regular psychological screening, and targeted interventions to promote nurses' well-being and support the delivery of high-quality patient care.