THE ESSENCE OF NATIONAL VALUES AND THEIR ROLE IN THE SPIRITUAL AND MORAL UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN

The article provides a theoretical and legal analysis of the essence of national values, their structural components and their role in the spiritual and moral upbringing of children. The relevance of the topic is explained by the growing external influences on children’s value systems in the era of globalization and digital information, which requires improving an upbringing system grounded in national values. The aim of the research is to define the pedagogical essence of values, substantiate the mechanisms of their educational influence and develop proposals for improving cooperation among the family, the school and the mahalla (neighborhood community). The study uses analysis of legal acts, historical-pedagogical and comparative analysis, conceptual modelling based on social learning and value theories, and quantitative processing of official statistics. As a result, a four-component educational model of national values (knowing, feeling, behavior and environment) is substantiated, the priority of a unified family–school–mahalla environment is shown, and practical recommendations for educators, parents and mahalla activists are formulated.