Biosynthesis of Biologically Active Substances by Microorganisms and Their Biotechnological Significance

This paper examines the ability of microorganisms to produce biologically active substances, categorizes their primary types, and discusses their significance in modern biotechnology. It explores the potential applications of enzymes, antibiotics, vitamins, amino acids, organic acids, and other biologically active compounds synthesized by microorganisms across various fields, including medicine, agriculture, the food industry, and environmental science. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the biotechnological processes required for the effective utilization of microorganisms, as well as the prospects for their future application.