A Convex Pentagon with Heesch Number Two

We present an explicit convex pentagon with Heesch number exactly two. An exact arrangement of 27 congruent copies forms two complete coronas around the central tile, with seven tiles in the first and nineteen in the second. The polygon is Sugimoto’s Category 16, n = 2 pentagon, previously assigned Heesch number one; our construction establishes its greater surroundability. A partial-edge contact is essential to the displayed arrangement. To exclude every possible third corona, we prove a local short-side pairing rule and reduce necessary geometric conditions to a finite Boolean contradiction, certified by an independently checkable computational proof. A small companion package checks the construction, regenerates the local placement libraries, and replays the contradiction using only the Python standard library and exact arithmetic in ℚ(√3). To our knowledge, this is the first convex polygon in the Euclidean plane with a positive finite Heesch number greater than one.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-11-11
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24124522
Primary Topic
Mathematics and Applications
Type
preprint
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preprint

A Convex Pentagon with Heesch Number Two

John Seamons
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Mathematics and Applications
preprint

A Convex Pentagon with Heesch Number Two

John Seamons
preprint en

Abstract

We present an explicit convex pentagon with Heesch number exactly two. An exact arrangement of 27 congruent copies forms two complete coronas around the central tile, with seven tiles in the first and nineteen in the second. The polygon is Sugimoto’s Category 16, n = 2 pentagon, previously assigned Heesch number one; our construction establishes its greater surroundability. A partial-edge contact is essential to the displayed arrangement. To exclude every possible third corona, we prove a local short-side pairing rule and reduce necessary geometric conditions to a finite Boolean contradiction, certified by an independently checkable computational proof. A small companion package checks the construction, regenerates the local placement libraries, and replays the contradiction using only the Python standard library and exact arithmetic in ℚ(√3). To our knowledge, this is the first convex polygon in the Euclidean plane with a positive finite Heesch number greater than one.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Mathematics and Applications
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