MODEL PEMBELAJARAN READ, ANSWER, DISCUSS, EXPLAIN, AND CREATE (RADEC) PADA PEMBELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM DAN SOSIAL (IPAS) DI SEKOLAH DASAR: KAJIAN PUSTAKA KUALITATIF

The Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create (RADEC) learning model is increasingly used in Science and Social Studies (IPAS) lessons in Indonesian elementary schools, yet qualitative evidence on how it works in classrooms remains scattered. This study is a qualitative library research that synthesizes 17 sources: eight sources on RADEC and nine qualitative or mixed-methods articles by Syafi’i and Mudayat on distance education, digital learning, and learning processes in elementary schools. Sources were selected purposively, coded inductively, and synthesized thematically. The synthesis shows three things. First, RADEC is described as a five-stage syntax in which Read and Answer prepare students before the lesson, while Discuss, Explain, and Create form collaborative classroom activity. Second, the only purely qualitative RADEC study in IPAS found in this review, a case study in a fourth-grade class, reports that students perceived RADEC as enjoyable and motivating and that teachers saw it as increasing engagement, while quantitative and classroom-action studies report gains in concept understanding and learning outcomes. Third, the studies by Syafi’i and Mudayat point to four conditions that shape implementation: timely feedback, a collaborative social environment, affective engagement and student agency, and teacher capacity with contextual resources. The article proposes a stage-by-stage mapping of RADEC onto IPAS activities as a working hypothesis for field-based qualitative research; it does not report new classroom data.