Herramientas metodológicas para la sistematización del contraste indefinido-perfecto del modo indicativo en español como lengua extranjera

The aim of this study is to explain some didactic considerations regarding the systematization of the contrast between the use of the indefinite and perfect indicative moods in Spanish as a foreign language, through examples of activities derived from the comprehension of a mini-story: “En el insomnio”, by the notable Cuban author Virgilio Piñera. The theoretical and methodological contributions are explored to delve deeper into the grammatical notions of tense in relation to the verbal paradigms of the preterite and perfect indicative and their didactic applicability, as well as the didactic treatment of literary text in Spanish as a foreign language classes, based on a qualitative and exploratory literature review. The analysis made it possible to highlight the benefits of integrating mini-stories as a learning resource within the communicative approach for the systematization of the aforementioned verb tenses. It concludes that it is necessary to systematize the study of the contrast between the use of the indefinite and perfect indicative in Spanish as a foreign language for students' comprehension and mastery.