Perceived Challenges to Rural Youth Retention in Agricultural Enterprises in Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone, Oyo State, Nigeria

Youth retention in agricultural enterprises is essential for sustainable production, employment generation and rural development in Nigeria. This study assessed rural youth retention in agricultural enterprises, perceived challenges affecting retention and improvement strategies in Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone of Oyo State, Nigeria. Data were collected from 160 rural youth selected through multistage sampling using a structured interview schedule, and analysed with frequencies, percentages, means, weighted mean scores (WMS) and Pearson product moment correlation. Retention indicators (engagement, experience, satisfaction, intention to continue and commitment) were highest in crop production (67.5% engaged; 61.9% intending to continue; commitment WMS = 1.87), followed by livestock production (57.5%; 55.4%; WMS = 1.63), and lowest in agro-processing (14.4%; 10.6%; WMS = 0.36). Major challenges were lack of financial support (WMS = 1.80), limited access to land and modern technologies (1.73), poor roads and transportation (1.73), insecurity (1.68) and high input costs (1.67). Affordable credit (WMS = 3.84), land for youth farming (3.78) and regular training (3.77) were rated the most effective strategies for improving retention. Age was positively and significantly related to retention (r = 0.379, p < 0.001); household size and years of schooling were not. The study recommends improving access to credit and farmland, expanding practical training and mentorship, supporting entry into agro-processing, upgrading rural roads and strengthening security to promote sustained youth engagement in agricultural enterprises.