A systematic review on emerging technologies for cardiovascular disease management

In the last few decades, cardiovascular disease has become the paradigm of chronic diseases. Recently, the advent of smart tools and technologies such as biosensors, 3D printing, artificial intelligence, machine learning, wearable technology, and mobile devices has revolutionised and transformed the management of cardiovascular diseases. This systematic review aims to assess the applications, benefits and limitations of advanced tools and technologies in cardiovascular disease management. A thorough systematic literature search was carried out in accordance with PRISMA 2020 criteria by utilising different databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. After screening and validity assessment, out of 100 studies, a total of 51 primary research studies were included in the final synthesis, excluding 37 review studies and 12 non-relevant studies. The included evidence comprises heterogeneous study designs, including experimental, observational, and clinical studies associated with technologies. Further, heterogeneous study designs, populations, outcomes, as well as lower clinical validity, limit their widespread applicability in cardiovascular disease management. The implementation of technological innovations in the field of cardiovascular health has the potential to improve results, expand patient participation, and alter healthcare delivery. These technologies may improve the precision, effectiveness, and efficacy of cardiovascular disease management. However, limitations such as cost, regulatory requirements, clinical validation, and ease of access may remain important considerations for widespread applicability in cardiovascular disease management.