A Portable Fluxgate Gradiometer for Shallow Subsurface Survey

Design of a portable two-sensor fluxgate gradiometer (0.75 m baseline, ring-core sensors) for shallow subsurface survey in archaeology and locating lost buried infrastructure. All performance figures are simulated, not measured: they are outputs of the deposited computation script. Gradient noise 0.042 nT/m; at a 2.0 nT operational threshold, computed detection depths are 3.20 m for a steel drum, 6.37 m (upper bound) for a cast-iron pipe run, and 0.63 m for a fired-clay hearth; coverage 1440 m2 per hour.