Formulation And Evaluation of a Himalayan Mineral Electrolyte- Stabilized Self-Heating Thermal Mud Body Mask For Spa-Inspired Skin Therapy

The formulation incorporated bentonite clay, kaolin clay, activated zeolite, a Himalayan mineral electrolyte blend, magnesium sulphate, potassium chloride, and calcium gluconate, along with glycerine, propylene glycol, aloe vera gel, xanthan gum, phenoxyethanol, and purified water. The preparation was evaluated for organoleptic properties, pH, viscosity, spreadability, thermal activity, heat retention, washability, stability, and preliminary dermal tolerability. Stability was assessed over 90 days under selected storage conditions, and a human patch test was conducted in 20 volunteers. Results: The formulation produced a smooth, homogeneous, light-brown semisolid paste with a mild earthy odour. The mean pH was (5.93 pm 0.15), and spreadability was (30.80pm 2.30) g.cm/s. Viscosity decreased from 8,420 cP at 10 rpm to 4,110 cP at 50 rpm, indicating shear-thinning behaviour. The temperature increased from 25.0°C to a peak of 34.0°C within 8 minutes, representing a temperature rise of 9.0°C. Perceptible warmth was retained for approximately 20–25 minutes. The formulation rinsed off easily within two cycles, leaving no visible residue. During the 90-day stability study, no phase separation was observed, although heating efficiency declined under accelerated storage conditions. Patch testing in 20 volunteers indicated generally good preliminary tolerability, with mild, transient erythema reported in a small minority. Conclusion: The study demonstrated the feasibility of developing a Himalayan mineral-enriched self-heating thermal mud body mask with acceptable.