ANALYSIS OF TEACHING METHODS FOR THE SUBJECT "TARBIYA" (CHARACTER AND MORAL EDUCATION) IN SCHOOLS AND JUSTIFICATION OF THEIR EFFECTIVENESS

Abstract This article examines the methods used to teach the subject Tarbiya (Character and Moral Education) in general secondary schools, their content, distinctive characteristics, and significance in the teaching and educational process. It also analyzes the potential of traditional and modern interactive teaching methods employed in this subject. Particular attention is given to conversations, question-and-answer activities, discussions, problem-based learning, role-playing, and case studies as methods of developing students’ independent thinking, ability to analyze real-life situations, and decision-making skills. The article emphasizes the importance of practical activities in cultivating students’ moral values, responsibility, respect for others, honesty, and cooperation. In addition, methodological recommendations are presented for developing students’ ability to apply theoretical knowledge in everyday life, increasing their classroom participation, and selecting teaching methods appropriate to specific educational objectives. The primary purpose of the article is to analyze the methods of teaching Tarbiya and substantiate approaches to their effective implementation. Keywords: Tarbiya, character and moral education, teaching methods, pedagogical methods, interactive learning, moral values, independent thinking, problem-based learning, role-playing, case study, life skills, educational process, teaching effectiveness.