Conditional Inclusion in Banda Aceh Coffee Shops: Gender Habitus, Moral Boundaries, and Women’s Negotiations

Coffee shops in Banda Aceh have shifted from historically masculine gathering spaces to more heterogeneous urban spaces following the 2004 tsunami, post-conflict reconstruction, digitalization, and the rise of modern coffee shop formats. This study examines how these transformations reshape gendered habitus and women's legitimacy in traditional and modern coffee shops. Using qualitative and feminist ethnographic approaches, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and spatial mapping. The primary participants were 26 Acehnese women aged 21–70, supported by coffee shop owners, activists, academics, cultural experts, government officials, and male residents. Data were analyzed thematically using Bourdieu's concepts of field, habitus, capital, doxa, and symbolic legitimacy, with intersectionality used to explain differences in women's experiences. Traditional coffee shops retain their historically masculine legitimacy despite the modernization of their facilities. In contrast, modern coffee shops expand women's access through convenience, digital infrastructure, and the use of space for productive activities. However, this access remains shaped by social class, time, clothing, family status, domestic responsibilities, and social networks. The findings conceptualize this pattern as conditional inclusion and moral-spatial habitus, in which modernization expands access while simultaneously reproducing new class and moral boundaries. Kedai kopi di Banda Aceh telah bertransformasi dari ruang berkumpul yang secara historis didominasi laki-laki menjadi ruang perkotaan yang lebih heterogen pasca-tsunami 2004, rekonstruksi pasca-konflik, digitalisasi, dan munculnya format kedai kopi modern. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana transformasi-transformasi tersebut membentuk kembali habitus berbasis gender dan legitimasi perempuan di kedai kopi tradisional maupun modern. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi kualitatif dan feminis, data diperoleh melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan pemetaan spasial. Peserta utama penelitian ini adalah 26 perempuan Aceh berusia 21–70 tahun, yang didukung oleh pemilik kedai kopi, aktivis, akademisi, pakar budaya, pejabat pemerintah, dan penduduk laki-laki. Data dianalisis secara tematis menggunakan konsep-konsep Bourdieu mengenai medan, habitus, modal, doxa, dan legitimasi simbolik, sementara interseksionalitas digunakan untuk menjelaskan perbedaan dalam pengalaman perempuan. Kedai kopi tradisional tetap mempertahankan legitimasi maskulinnya yang bersejarah meskipun fasilitasnya telah dimodernisasi. Sebaliknya, kedai kopi modern memperluas akses perempuan melalui kenyamanan, infrastruktur digital, dan pemanfaatan ruang untuk kegiatan produktif. Namun, akses ini tetap dipengaruhi oleh kelas sosial, waktu, pakaian, status keluarga, tanggung jawab domestik, dan jaringan sosial. Temuan penelitian ini mengkonseptualisasikan pola ini sebagai inklusi bersyarat dan habitus moral-spasial, di mana modernisasi memperluas akses sekaligus mereproduksi batasan kelas dan moral yang baru.

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Publication Details

Journal
Fenomena
Published
2026-11-10
DOI
https://doi.org/10.35719/fenomena.v25i2.679
Primary Topic
Gender Studies and Social Issues
Type
article
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article

Conditional Inclusion in Banda Aceh Coffee Shops: Gender Habitus, Moral Boundaries, and Women’s Negotiations

Arifah Rahmawati, Reni Juliani, Heddy Shri Ahimsa Putra
Fenomena
Gender Studies and Social Issues
article

Conditional Inclusion in Banda Aceh Coffee Shops: Gender Habitus, Moral Boundaries, and Women’s Negotiations

Arifah Rahmawati, Reni Juliani, Heddy Shri Ahimsa Putra
article en

Abstract

Coffee shops in Banda Aceh have shifted from historically masculine gathering spaces to more heterogeneous urban spaces following the 2004 tsunami, post-conflict reconstruction, digitalization, and the rise of modern coffee shop formats. This study examines how these transformations reshape gendered habitus and women's legitimacy in traditional and modern coffee shops. Using qualitative and feminist ethnographic approaches, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and spatial mapping. The primary participants were 26 Acehnese women aged 21–70, supported by coffee shop owners, activists, academics, cultural experts, government officials, and male residents. Data were analyzed thematically using Bourdieu's concepts of field, habitus, capital, doxa, and symbolic legitimacy, with intersectionality used to explain differences in women's experiences. Traditional coffee shops retain their historically masculine legitimacy despite the modernization of their facilities. In contrast, modern coffee shops expand women's access through convenience, digital infrastructure, and the use of space for productive activities. However, this access remains shaped by social class, time, clothing, family status, domestic responsibilities, and social networks. The findings conceptualize this pattern as conditional inclusion and moral-spatial habitus, in which modernization expands access while simultaneously reproducing new class and moral boundaries. Kedai kopi di Banda Aceh telah bertransformasi dari ruang berkumpul yang secara historis didominasi laki-laki menjadi ruang perkotaan yang lebih heterogen pasca-tsunami 2004, rekonstruksi pasca-konflik, digitalisasi, dan munculnya format kedai kopi modern. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana transformasi-transformasi tersebut membentuk kembali habitus berbasis gender dan legitimasi perempuan di kedai kopi tradisional maupun modern. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi kualitatif dan feminis, data diperoleh melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan pemetaan spasial. Peserta utama penelitian ini adalah 26 perempuan Aceh berusia 21–70 tahun, yang didukung oleh pemilik kedai kopi, aktivis, akademisi, pakar budaya, pejabat pemerintah, dan penduduk laki-laki. Data dianalisis secara tematis menggunakan konsep-konsep Bourdieu mengenai medan, habitus, modal, doxa, dan legitimasi simbolik, sementara interseksionalitas digunakan untuk menjelaskan perbedaan dalam pengalaman perempuan. Kedai kopi tradisional tetap mempertahankan legitimasi maskulinnya yang bersejarah meskipun fasilitasnya telah dimodernisasi. Sebaliknya, kedai kopi modern memperluas akses perempuan melalui kenyamanan, infrastruktur digital, dan pemanfaatan ruang untuk kegiatan produktif. Namun, akses ini tetap dipengaruhi oleh kelas sosial, waktu, pakaian, status keluarga, tanggung jawab domestik, dan jaringan sosial. Temuan penelitian ini mengkonseptualisasikan pola ini sebagai inklusi bersyarat dan habitus moral-spasial, di mana modernisasi memperluas akses sekaligus mereproduksi batasan kelas dan moral yang baru.

FenomenaVol. 25(2)
Universitas Gadjah Mada (ID)
Gender Studies and Social Issues
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