Agricultural Information Networks, Information Needs and Risk Management Strategies among Smallholder Farmers in Southeast Nigeria

This study examined agricultural information networks, information needs, and risk management strategies among smallholder farmers in Southeast Nigeria using the Diffusion of Innovation Theory. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21 with descriptive statistics including means, frequencies, rankings, and standard deviations, while qualitative data from focus group discussions were examined thematically using Braun and Clarke’s six-step framework. Findings show dominance of farmer-to-farmer networks, traditional knowledge systems, and kinship ties as the most trusted sources of agricultural information, while institutional and digital platforms were least utilized. Major information needs centred on disease and pest management, climate-related risks, fertilizer use, and improved seed varieties, reflecting farmers’ vulnerability to environmental and production uncertainties. Within Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation Theory, interpersonal communication channels such as peer networks significantly influenced awareness and adoption of agricultural practices. The study concludes that strengthening farmer-led networks and improving access to credible institutional information sources can enhance risk management and innovation adoption among smallholders in the region. Implications suggest that extension agencies and development actors should leverage existing social structures, enhance participatory communication strategies, and integrate indigenous knowledge with formal agricultural advisory services to improve resilience, reduce information asymmetry, and support sustainable adoption of innovations in line with diffusion processes in rural farming communities. Furthermore, the study contributes to the understanding of agricultural information behaviour in developing contexts and highlights the need for improved digital infrastructure, policy support, and capacity building to strengthen inclusive rural information ecosystems development.