Features of the design solutions of modern engineering protection systems

Purpose. The main purpose of this publication is to summarise and systematise the accumulated experience in the design and construction of protective facilities for Ukraine’s civil infrastructure. Methodology. To achieve this purpose, the current legislative framework governing the classification of critical facilities in Ukraine was analysed. In particular, in accordance with Resolution No. 1109 of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated 9 October 2020 (as amended by Resolution No. 48 of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated 16 January 2024), 24 sectors of the national economy have been identified, the functioning of which is linked to the uninterrupted functioning of society as a whole. In total, there are more than 50 sub-sectors for which special protection systems of varying levels of complexity must be designed and established. The European Council Directive 2008/114/EC identifies up to 10 such sub-sectors and cannot serve as a benchmark for the current realities of martial law in Ukraine. Findings. The main type consists of Level II protective structures, which are designed to incorporate two shields – a ballistic shield and a pre-detonation shield. Their design can be carried out by a small unit within 3 … 5 days. The most promising type consists of Level III protective systems, which are also designed to be buried in the ground. In terms of the “cost-to-safety” ratio, they offer the highest relative effectiveness. Originality. In the course of the analysis, the most effective and modern structural solutions for critical facilities were selected; these were directly designed by the authors and have been tested in combat conditions. Practical value. The engineering solutions presented here form the basis for the further development and design of standardised structural systems for engineering protection, capable of countering modern airborne weapons.