Urinary Infection in Pregnant Women in Primary Care: Analysis and Therapeutic Approach

Objective: Analyze the factors associated with the occurrence of urinary tract infections in pregnant women followed up in primary health care in the municipality of Imperatriz, MA. Theoretical Framework: Urinary tract infection is a common complication during pregnancy and represents a challenge to maternal-fetal health. Physiological, anatomical, and immunological changes during pregnancy increase women's susceptibility to bacterial colonization, favoring the development of the disease. The main consequences include an increased risk of preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction, and preeclampsia, highlighting the importance of understanding predisposing factors, causative agents, and effective therapeutic strategies. Method: Descriptive study with a quantitative approach, conducted with 52 pregnant women through the application of a structured questionnaire addressing sociodemographic aspects, obstetric history, urinary symptoms, and behavioral habits. Results and Discussion: A higher prevalence of urinary tract infections was observed in women aged between 32 and 38 years, with married marital status, a previous history of urinary infection, and good adherence to prenatal care. The main symptoms reported were increased urinary frequency (63.46%), lower back pain (44.23%), and dysuria (30.77%). Protective habits such as adequate hydration and proper intimate hygiene were associated with a reduction in complications. However, practices such as physical inactivity and inadequate diet remain relevant risk factors.