Strategies and challenges in targeting myeloid cells for solid tumor therapy

Myeloid cells, particularly tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and tumor-associated neutrophils, play crucial roles in the development of immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment (TME), suppression of antitumor responses, and promotion of tumor progression. This review summarizes how myeloid cells regulate the immunosuppressive TME to drive tumor progression, evaluates myeloid cell-targeted strategies in preclinical models and clinical settings for the treatment of solid tumors, and examines the challenges and potential feasible approaches for translating preclinical models to patients. Given the critical role of myeloid cells in tumor immunity, targeting myeloid cell represents a promising strategy for cancer treatment.