Implementing a Group Education Model for People with Type 2 Diabetes in a Socioeconomically Deprived Primary Care Population: A Quality Improvement Report

People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving injectable therapies require ongoing education and support to optimise self-management and glycaemic control. Group education may offer a cost-effective approach that combines professional guidance with peer support. Homewell Practice serves a socioeconomically deprived population in Hampshire with significant health inequalities. Many patients receiving insulin or GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy had poor glycaemic control, frailty, or increased risk of hospital admission. Traditional one-to-one consultations provided limited opportunities for peer learning and support. A 12-month quality improvement project was conducted between May 2022 and April 2023. Adults with T2DM receiving injectable therapy were invited to attend monthly community-based education sessions. Attendance data, HbA1c outcomes and patient feedback were collected and analysed descriptively. Patient-centred group sessions were delivered using adult-learning principles and peer discussion. Topics included insulin titration, hypoglycaemia management, nutrition, glycaemic targets and diabetes complications. Fifteen patients attended at least one session. Improvements in glycaemic control were associated with repeated attendance. Mean HbA1c reduction was 12.4% in patients attending four or more sessions, compared with 5.6% for those attending three sessions and 2.4% for those attending two sessions. Patients attending only one session demonstrated a 1.8% increase in HbA1c. All questionnaire respondents (9/9, 100%) reported improved understanding of diabetes and found the sessions useful; 8/9 would recommend the programme. Peer support was identified as the most valued aspect of participation. Attendance remained lower than anticipated, particularly among patients with multiple comorbidities and mental health needs. Group education for adults receiving injectable diabetes therapy was associated with high patient satisfaction and improved glycaemic outcomes among regular attendees. A hybrid model combining group education with individualised support may improve accessibility and engagement for higher-need patients.