Reconstructing Destructive Cognitive Patterns in Couples Through a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Approach and the Islamic Perspective of "Affection and Mercy"

Destructive cognitive patterns, through biased interpretations, unrealistic expectations, and the attribution of negative intentions to one’s spouse, can intensify conflict and reduce the quality of marital relationships. The present article aims to explain the mechanisms underlying the formation and persistence of these patterns and to develop a conceptual framework for reconstructing them by integrating the principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with the Islamic teachings of affection and mercy. This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach based on library research and a review of relevant scholarly articles. The analysis examines the roles of negative automatic thoughts, dysfunctional core beliefs, cognitive distortions, and reciprocal cycles of emotion and behavior, while also identifying the potential of Socratic questioning, reality testing, and cognitive reappraisal for modifying harmful interpretations. In addition, the concepts of positive assumptions about one’s spouse, mutual dignity, responsible forgiveness, and empathy are examined in relation to affection and mercy. Findings derived from the conceptual analysis indicate that integrating cognitive restructuring with an ethical orientation grounded in affection and mercy can provide a coherent framework for reducing misunderstandings, strengthening constructive dialogue, and enhancing responsibility among couples. From this perspective, cognitive modification without attention to value systems, communication patterns, and family security would remain insufficient. The proposed framework emphasizes the distinction between empathy and acceptance of harmful behavior, respect for individual boundaries, and the necessity of evaluating its effectiveness in future empirical research.