Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pembeli atas Pembatalan Sepihak oleh Penjual Setelah Pembayaran dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Online

The growth of online commerce has facilitated transactions, yet it has also given rise to legal issues—notably, the unilateral cancellation of a transaction by a seller after the buyer has made payment. This situation can disadvantage the buyer, as they fail to receive the goods that were the subject of the agreement. This study aims to analyze the legal framework governing the cancellation of online transactions, the liability of sellers in the event of a unilateral cancellation following payment, and the forms of legal protection available to aggrieved buyers. This is a normative legal study employing both statutory and conceptual approaches. Legal materials were gathered through a literature reviewencompassing legislation, books, and journal articlesand subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The findings indicate that a unilateral cancellation by a seller must be evaluated in light of the provisions set forth in the Indonesian Civil Code, Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, and Government Regulation Number 80 of 2019 concerning Trading Through Electronic Systems. If a seller fails to fulfill their obligations without a justifiable reason and provided that the necessary legal requirements are met the seller may be held liable. Legal protection for buyers may include refunds, claims for the fulfillment of the agreement or compensation for damages, as well as the filing of complaints and dispute resolution through established mechanisms. This study underscores the importance of executing agreements in good faith and upholding the rights of buyers to ensure legal certainty in online transactions.