Development and psychometric evaluation of a modified persian HPV-related quality of life (HPV-QoL) questionnaire

Abstract Background Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection can substantially affect quality of life. Although the HPV-QoL measures this impact, no validated Persian version has been available. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of a modified 12-item Persian version derived from the original HPV-QoL (HPV-QoL) questionnaire among individuals with HPV infection or anogenital warts, providing nurses and midwives with a reliable tool for assessing HPV-related quality of life. Methodology A cross-sectional study (September 2023–November 2024) was conducted to translate the HPV-QoL and assess its psychometric properties among 450 participants with HPV positivity or anogenital warts. Validity assessment included face validity (10 participants), content validity (15 experts), and construct validity using exploratory (200 participants) and confirmatory factor analyses (200 participants). Reliability (30 participants) was examined through internal consistency, test–retest stability, and absolute reliability, alongside measurement error, responsiveness, and interpretability. Results The Modified Persian HPV-QoL showed a unidimensional structure consisting of 12 items that together explained 63.31% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the adequacy of the model fit (CFI = 0.983; RMSEA = 0.06; CI: 0.018–0.084). Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach’s α = 0.972). Test–retest reliability was also excellent (ICC = 0.978). Preliminary distribution-based indices related to responsiveness and interpretability were reported acceptability. Conclusion The modified 12-item Persian HPV-related quality of life questionnaire demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties in Iranian adults with HPV infection or anogenital warts. Because its structure differs from the original HPV-QoL, scores should not be interpreted as directly comparable with those of the original instrument.