Development of a Visualised Palliative Care Programme Based on Watson’s Theory and Its Evaluation Using the RE-AIM Framework

Abstract Objective: To develop a visualised humanistic care programme based on Watson’s theory of humanistic nursing and to evaluate its effectiveness using the RE-AIM framework. Methods: A total of 98 palliative care patients were enrolled. The control group (n = 49) received standard care, while the intervention group (n=49) received the visualisation programme (Five Senses Palliative Care Room, ‘Scroll of Life’ VR Dignity Therapy, and ‘Tree of Life’ Narrative Care) alongside standard care for 12 days.Outcomes were assessed using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), the Dignity Scale (PDI), the Visualised Humanistic Care Practice Evaluation, and a satisfaction questionnaire. Results: Following the intervention, the intervention group’s total ESAS score (35.18±5.38) was lower than that of the control group (41.47±6.22);the total PDI score (51.53±8.87) was also lower than that of the control group (58.47±9.78), Satisfaction levels at the immediate, follow-up, and at the 1- and 3-month follow-ups, were all superior to those of the control group (all P< 0.05). Conclusion: This programme effectively alleviates symptoms, upholds dignity and enhances satisfaction, The RE-AIM framework ensures the quality and sustainability of its implementation.