Saúde mental e adesão terapêutica em pessoas idosas com hipertensão arterial sistêmica e/ou diabetes mellitus tipo 2: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Mental health may influence therapeutic adherence among older adults with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic conditions that require continuous follow-up and active participation in treatment. This study aimed to analyze the scientific evidence published between January 1, 2020, and August 29, 2026, on the relationship between mental health and therapeutic adherence in this population. This is an integrative literature review, with searches in the Virtual Health Library (VHL/BVS), PubMed, and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and study selection according to the PRISMA 2020 recommendations. A total of 72 records were identified, of which 12 were excluded as duplicates. After screening 60 records and assessing 15 full texts for eligibility, ten studies were included in the final sample. The results showed that depressive symptoms were associated with lower therapeutic adherence in some of the studies and that anxiety was related to nonadherence in certain contexts. However, divergent results were also observed, indicating that this relationship does not occur uniformly. Clinical factors, such as comorbidities and the use of multiple medications, as well as social, family, and health-service-related aspects, were also relevant. It is concluded that therapeutic adherence is a multifactorial phenomenon and that mental health assessment should be part of the care of older adults with SAH and/or T2DM, highlighting the role of Nursing in identifying barriers to adherence, in health education, and in individualized follow-up.