Symbolism, Normative Fragmentation and Sociopolitical Polarization

This article is a historical interpretation that aims to examine the climate of polarization in the realm of values resulting from the weakening of the binding power embodied in the symbol (Observ. 1). We put forward the hypothesis that the erosion of symbolism—the interpretative framework for all social experiences—gives rise to a situation of fragmentation and isolation between cultures in the contemporary world. Firstly, it addresses the unique nature of symbols as a means of forging community. It then examines the disruptions that have affected the community bond in modern societies as a result of the processes of deconstruction of the nomos of pre-modern societies. It highlights the causes of the emergence of a chronic normative deficit in these societies, which, to a large extent, explains the climate of anomic hostility that has developed within them. In this vein, the work explores the reasons for the exacerbation of this climate within the political and cultural framework of late modern societies, taking into account, on the one hand, the structural conflict inherent in them concerning the differing positions taken on the ultimate values that should guide them and, on the other hand, the prevalence of an emotionalism that seeks to make individual or group particularisms take precedence over universal values. Finally, the work offers insights into the potential richness inherent in symbolism as a means of repairing the breakdown in community bonds and managing latent intra-community violence.