PENGARUH LAJU PERTUMBUHAN PDRB, INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN TIK, IPM, DAN KEMISKINAN TERHADAP KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN

This study aims to empirically analyze the effect of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) growth rate, the ICT Development Index, the Human Development Index (HDI), and poverty, both simultaneously and partially, on income distribution inequality as measured by the Gini Ratio across 33 provinces in Indonesia over the period 2011–2022. This study employs a quantitative descriptive-analytical approach using secondary panel data from 33 Indonesian provinces spanning 2011 to 2022. Initial estimation was carried out using the Pooled Least Square (PLS) method. Model selection was conducted through the Chow Test and Hausman Test, both of which produced a p-value of 0.0000, leading to the selection of the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) as the final estimation model. Classical assumption tests included multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity diagnostics. Hypothesis testing was performed through the t-test, F-test, and the Coefficient of Determination (R²), processed using EViews software. The model explains 87.05% of the variation in the Gini Ratio and is statistically significant overall. Among the four variables examined, HDI is the strongest predictor, exerting a negative and highly significant effect on inequality, followed by the ICT Development Index, which also shows a negative and significant influence. In contrast, GRDP growth rate and poverty both yield statistically insignificant results, suggesting that economic growth alone has not been sufficiently inclusive, and that poverty and inequality do not move in strict proportion to one another.