EVALUASI RESPONS GLIKEMIK DAN MORTALITAS SETELAH INDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN–NICOTINAMIDE TIKUS WISTAR MODEL DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

Streptozotocin–nicotinamide (STZ–NA) induction is a method used to establish a type 2 diabetes mellitus model in experimental animals. The success of induction is evaluated by measuring post-induction blood glucose levels, with a threshold of ≥250 mg/dL used as the criterion for hyperglycemia. This study aimed to evaluate the glycemic response and mortality of Wistar rats following STZ–NA induction. This experimental study was conducted on 35 male Wistar rats aged 2–3 months. Following a seven-day acclimatization period, baseline blood glucose levels were measured using tail-tip capillary blood. Induction was performed using nicotinamide at a dose of 110 mg/kg body weight and streptozotocin at a dose of 45 mg/kg body weight, administered intraperitoneally at a 15-minute interval. After a one-day recovery period, orbital venous blood was collected to measure blood glucose levels using the enzymatic GOD-PAP method. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the mean baseline blood glucose level was 96.17 mg/dL. One rat was excluded before induction due to a left-eye abnormality. Of the 34 rats that underwent induction and orbital venous blood collection, four experienced weakness and died; therefore, 30 samples were analyzed using the GOD-PAP method. The mean post-induction blood glucose level was 357.71 ± 94.27 mg/dL, with a minimum value of 73.08 mg/dL and a maximum value of 498.40 mg/dL. A total of 28 samples met the blood glucose criterion of ≥250 mg/dL, whereas the remaining two samples did not meet this criterion. In conclusion, STZ–NA induction produced variable glycemic responses in Wistar rats, with most samples reaching the established hyperglycemia threshold.