Síndrome metabólica equina como fator predisponente da laminite endocrinopática: revisão de literatura.

Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) is a group of metabolic alterations mainly associated with insulin dysregulation and an increased risk of endocrinopathic laminitis. This study aimed to analyze EMS as a predisposing factor for the development of endocrinopathic laminitis, focusing on mechanisms related to insulin dysregulation, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. A literature review was conducted using scientific articles and academic documents retrieved from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciELO, with terms related to equine metabolic syndrome, insulin dysregulation, obesity, laminitis, and equine endocrinopathies. The literature indicates that insulin dysregulation is the main factor associated with the risk of endocrinopathic laminitis and may occur with or without evident obesity. Nutritional management, reduction of excessive energy intake, weight control, and exercise when clinically indicated are central components of management for at-risk animals. Clinical assessment should be complemented by laboratory tests aimed at investigating insulin function, considering factors that may influence the results. Early recognition of insulin dysregulation and the establishment of individualized management strategies are essential to reduce the risk of laminitis and promote equine health and welfare.