GIẢI PHÁP MỞ RỘNG KHÔNG GIAN VÀ NÂNG CAO CHẤT LƯỢNG DỊCH VỤ TUYẾN TÀU DU LỊCH “HÀ NỘI 5 CỬA Ô” KẾT NỐI DI SẢN THĂNG LONG - KINH BẮC

Heritage rail tourism has emerged as a significant trend in diversifying tourism products and fostering regional connectivity. This study evaluates the operational reality of the tourist train route connecting the Capital’s (Hanoi) historical gates with neighboring heritage regions to optimize its efficiency. Utilizing qualitative research methods combined with field surveys, the paper proposes two core sets of solutions: expanding the itinerary’s spatial footprint deeper into the Kinh Bac heritage region, and upgrading service quality by integrating local cultural experiences on board. The research outcomes provide both scientific and practical foundations for developing a sustainable eco-humanistic tourism model, while enhancing the capacity to attract both domestic and international tourists. Keywords: Rail tourism; Spatial expansion; Service Quality; Regional Connectivity; Cultural heritage. International Subject Classification Codes JEL Classification: Z32, Z33, Z38, L83 Supplementary transport classification: R41. UNESCO Framework for Cultural Statistics - related activity codes: ISIC 4911; CPC 64131. Author-proposed thematic codes: HTT-01; RWT-02; SQU-03; DSE-04; HCN-05; TDM 06; STD-07; TPI-08. Received: Revi