A homogeneous space with no nonconstant quasiharmonic functions

Björklund asked for a countable measured group $(G,\mu)$ and a subgroup $H$ of infinite index such that the homogeneous space $G/H$ carries no nonconstant left $\mu$-harmonic or $\mu$-quasiharmonic functions, bounded or not. We give such an example. The group is the group of finitely supported permutations of $\mathbb{N}_0=\{0,1,2,\dots\}$, the subgroup is the stabiliser of $0$, and $\mu$ is any probability measure that charges every transposition $(0 n)$, $n\ge1$, and nothing else. The induced walk on $G/H\cong\mathbb{N}_0$ is a star with infinitely many leaves. The equation at a leaf $k$ forces a quasiharmonic function with defect $c$ to satisfy $u(k)=u(0)-c/\mu((0 k))$, and the equation at the centre then forces $c=0$ and $u$ constant. The argument uses only the convergence of the single series that defines the equation at the centre.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-11-08
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24063849
Primary Topic
Mathematical Dynamics and Fractals
Type
preprint
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preprint

A homogeneous space with no nonconstant quasiharmonic functions

Yitzchak Shmalo
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Mathematical Dynamics and Fractals
preprint

A homogeneous space with no nonconstant quasiharmonic functions

Yitzchak Shmalo
preprint en

Abstract

Björklund asked for a countable measured group $(G,\mu)$ and a subgroup $H$ of infinite index such that the homogeneous space $G/H$ carries no nonconstant left $\mu$-harmonic or $\mu$-quasiharmonic functions, bounded or not. We give such an example. The group is the group of finitely supported permutations of $\mathbb{N}_0=\{0,1,2,\dots\}$, the subgroup is the stabiliser of $0$, and $\mu$ is any probability measure that charges every transposition $(0 n)$, $n\ge1$, and nothing else. The induced walk on $G/H\cong\mathbb{N}_0$ is a star with infinitely many leaves. The equation at a leaf $k$ forces a quasiharmonic function with defect $c$ to satisfy $u(k)=u(0)-c/\mu((0 k))$, and the equation at the centre then forces $c=0$ and $u$ constant. The argument uses only the convergence of the single series that defines the equation at the centre.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
Mathematical Dynamics and Fractals
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