Digital Technology Adoption and Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Risk Management: Evidence from West Java, Indonesia

Background: The increasing complexity of pharmaceutical supply chains, along with regulatory pressure and operational disruptions, has created an urgent need for effective supply chain risk management. Digital technology adoption is considered essential for improving operational resilience and continuity. Objective: The purpose of this research is to analyses the effect of digital technology adoption on supply chain risk management performance in pharmaceutical companies in West Java Province, Indonesia. Methods: This study used a quantitative approach with Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to managers in pharmaceutical manufacturing, distribution, and logistics companies. A total of 100 valid responses were analyzed to evaluate the relationships among technological infrastructure, digital system utilization, and supply chain risk management dimensions. Results: The findings show that technological infrastructure significantly influences digital system utilization (β = 0.712; p < 0.001), while digital system utilization positively affects supply chain risk management performance (β = 0.684; p < 0.001). The model produced an R² value of 0.63, indicating substantial explanatory power. In addition, digital technology adoption improved operational efficiency, delivery reliability, and supply chain resilience. Conclusion: This research confirms that digital technology adoption plays a significant role in strengthening supply chain risk management and supporting sustainable operational performance in the pharmaceutical industry.