Study on visual comfort of lighting at Permatang Pasir Village Multipurpose Hall, Bukit Pasir, Johor, by referring to the Malaysian Standard (MS1525)

Visual comfort is an important aspect of the interior design of public buildings, ensuring the smooth running of activities and the well-being of users [1]. However, inefficient lighting is often overlooked in the maintenance of community halls in rural areas [3]. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the level of visual comfort provided by lighting in the Permatang Pasir Village Multipurpose Hall, Bukit Pasir, Johor, in accordance with the Malaysian Standard (MS 1525). Then, a quantitative research approach was used, combining field measurements with online questionnaire surveys to obtain both objective and subjective data. Field measurements of lighting levels were conducted using a lux meter. Based on the contour charts produced, the study found that the average lighting level in the hall, both natural and mechanical, was below 200 lux for the majority. This indicates that the existing lighting system does not meet the standards (300-500 lux) set by MS 1525, especially in the central part of the hall. According to the questionnaire, most respondents also reported discomfort due to lighting issues in this hall. Descriptive analysis also showed that the mean score for the entire study ranged from 1.81 to 2.60 and from 2.61 to 3.20, reflecting only low and moderate satisfaction among users in the multipurpose hall regarding visual comfort. Overall, this study demonstrates the need to transform the hall's lighting system to support occupant well-being [4].