CIPROFLOXACIN: CHEMICAL STRUCTURE, MECHANISM OF ACTION, PHARMACOKINETICS AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

This article reviews ciprofloxacin, a synthetic antibacterial agent belonging to the fluoroquinolone class. Its chemical characteristics, antibacterial mechanism, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical significance are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the interaction of ciprofloxacin with bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, adverse reactions and restrictions on use. Based on scientific publications and official medical sources, the article also examines research into ciprofloxacin derivatives and the importance of responsible antimicrobial use.