Hybrid Solar and Wind Energy Integration for Smart Electric Fence Systems

Rising requirements of agriculture for renewable and reliable power have prompted researchers and developers to combine renewable energy sources with smart monitoring. This paper focuses on designing of a Hybrid Solar-Wind Energy Integration to Smart Electric Fence System that will offer uninterrupted power for the protection of the farm while minimizing the use of conventional energy sources. The system involves of a solar panel, wind turbine, charge controller, gel battery, energizer and IoT-based monitoring system based on the use of ESP32 and Blynk platform. The electric fence system has been developed with correct wire stretching methods to obtain maximum mechanical stability and to improve its electrical characteristics. A renewable energy subsystem that will produce electricity from wind turbine and solar panel to charge a 12 V battery that powers up the electric fence. IoT-based monitoring system that can monitor the voltage of battery in real time, provides alarm in case the voltage goes beyond a threshold value. The evaluation has been performed through experiment on wind turbine, solar panel and the hybrid energy system. The power output of the wind turbine varies between 4.92 W and 8.37 W whereas the power output of the solar panel varies between 7.61 W and 26.77 W. Whereas the power output from the combined hybrid system lies between 21.97 W to 27.80 W during the whole experimental testing. The result proved that integrating the solar and wind energy together produces the output of stable power supply. Furthermore, it has been found that IoT-based monitoring system provides the remote monitoring of voltage of the battery. Hence it can be said that this proposed system can be considered as a cost-effective and reliable source of power to smart electric fence system.