Microplastics as Modulators of Biochar-Supported Bioremediation in Contaminated Soils: Interactions, Microbial Responses, and Knowledge Gaps

Microplastics are increasingly recognized as important contaminants in terrestrial environments, where they can interact with soil structure, microbial communities, and other contaminants. At the same time, biochar-supported microbial systems have emerged as a potential approach for remediating contaminated soils by combining the sorption and habitat-forming properties of biochar with the metabolic activities of microorganisms.