México ante la presión arancelaria estadounidense

This essay examines Mexico’s policy options in response to United States tariff pressure. It argues that Mexico’s response should not be reduced to tariff negotiation or commercial retaliation, but should connect regional integration, supplier development, and the evaluation of industrial-policy incentives. The argument contrasts the joint review of the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement, the objectives of Plan Mexico, and the risks that tariff escalation poses to firms, households, and territories. Documentary evidence and an academic simulation study suggest that the effects of a trade conflict are transmitted through supply chains and may affect both economies. The essay concludes that Mexico can strengthen its position through evidence-based negotiation, productive diversification, support for small and medium-sized enterprises, and protection mechanisms for the groups most exposed to trade disruption.