Modelling Blood Flow in an Inclined Artery with Stenosis and Dilatation Using Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT)

This study boons a mathematical model for steady, incompressible, blood flow that is not Newtonian in an inclined artery containing stenosis and a post-stenosis dilatation in the presence of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), with possible impact on the computational decision-support methods in cardiovascular assessment. The equations governing momentum and heat transfer are formulated using appropriate nanofluid relations and simplified using the mild stenosis and long-wavelength assumptions to obtain analytical solutions. The effects of SWCNT volume fraction, stenosis geometry, arterial inclination, viscosity, heat source/sink parameter, and flow rate on velocity, which causes the “arterial wall shear stress” and “resistance to blood flow” are investigated. The obtained results show that resistance to the fluid flow increases with stenosis height, stenosis length, viscosity, and SWCNT concentration. However, according to the presented tabular results, there is a modest rise in wall shear stress with an increase in SWCNT concentration under the studied conditions. SWCNT incorporation favours thermal transport and modifies the hemodynamic characteristics of blood flow, indicating their potential relevance for theoretical studies of biomedical transport processes and targeted drug delivery, not their therapeutic effectiveness. The predicted flow resistance and wall shear stresses could be used in the future as comparative indicators in computational decision-support systems, pending further experimental and physiological validation.