Health Benefits of Single-Cell Proteins (SCP) in Humans, With a Specific Focus on Their Potential Impact on Male Fertility

Single-cell proteins (SCP), derived from microbial sources such as algae, fungi, yeast, and bacteria, offer a sustainable and nutritionally rich alternative to conventional protein sources for human consumption. These microbial proteins are characterized by their high protein content, balanced amino acid profile, and bioavailability of essential nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Among the various health benefits of SCP, emerging research suggests a promising role in enhancing male reproductive health and fertility. Specific strains of SCP contain antioxidant compounds such as selenium, zinc, and certain vitamins that can help mitigate oxidative stress, a key contributor to male infertility due to its detrimental effects on sperm quality, motility, and DNA integrity. Additionally, the amino acids in SCP, including arginine and glutamine, are known to support nitric oxide synthesis and hormonal regulation, both critical to spermatogenesis and sexual function. Moreover, SCP may also improve gut microbiota balance, thereby indirectly influencing hormonal pathways and systemic inflammation associated with reproductive disorders. As interest in functional foods and nutraceuticals grows, SCP stands out as a potential dietary intervention for improving male fertility outcomes, especially in populations affected by protein malnutrition or environmental stressors. However, while preliminary studies are promising, further clinical research is required to validate these effects and establish optimal SCP formulations and dosages tailored for reproductive health.