Antara Kebebasan Talak dan Keharusan Perceraian di Pengadilan: Analisis Hukum Islam dan Hukum Perkawinan Indonesia terhadap Keabsahan Talak di Luar Pengadilan

Extra-judicial talaq remains a debated issue due to differences between Islamic law and Indonesian marriage law. Under Islamic law, a talaq pronounced by a husband is generally considered valid when its legal requirements are fulfilled, whereas Indonesian law recognizes divorce only when it is conducted before the Religious Court. This study aims to analyze the legal status of extra-judicial talaq, the obligation to pronounce talaq before the court, and its legal consequences for husbands, wives, and children. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and library approaches. The findings reveal that extra-judicial talaq may be valid under Islamic law but has no legal effect under Indonesian positive law. Therefore, divorce through the Religious Court is necessary to ensure legal certainty and protect the rights of all parties after divorce