Fabrication of a Polysiloxane Incorporating Hybrid Units With an Increased Ratio of N ‐Halamine to Quaternary Ammonium Salt on Cellulose: A General Tactic for Better Antibacterial Synergism

ABSTRACT The adjustment of the ratio of synergistic components in a hybrid unit of a polymer is demonstrated as a strategy for even better biocidability. Briefly, an N ‐halamine precursor, 1‐(3‐hydroxypropyl)‐1,3,5‐triazinane‐2,4,6‐trione, was synthesized through nucleophilic substitution between 1,3,5‐triazinane‐2,4,6‐trione and 3‐chloro‐1‐propanol. Itaconic anhydride was then used to bridge 2‐(dimethylamino)ethan‐1‐ol and the precursor via alcoholysis and esterification. The tertiary amine and CC bond of the esterification compound underwent reactions with 1‐chlorohexane and trimethoxysilane through quaternization and hydrosilylation, respectively. The molecules of the hydrosilylation compound were hydrolyzed and then crosslinked into a polysiloxane layer with pendants of one quaternary ammonium salt and two NH bonds on cellulose via dehydrocondensation. Following chlorination of the NH bonds to NCl counterparts, the cellulose was coated with a 96 nm layer containing the target hybrid units. Time‐kill assessments revealed that the quaternary ammonium salt and N ‐halamine structures functioned synergistically, resulting in greater efficacy than a previously reported 1:1 combination and hence demonstrating a better antibacterial synergism. Antibacterial durability and rechargeability on cellulose were both encouraging owing to the robust three‐dimensional crosslinked polysiloxane and the stable cyclic N ‐halamine. This study proposes a tactic for better antibacterial synergism through the increase of the proportion of N ‐halamine in a hybrid unit.