Climate Change Awareness and Adaptation to Climate-Related Disasters in Vulnerable Communities of Agbara, Ado-Odo/Ota Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Climate change is intensifying floods in rapidly urbanising Nigerian communities, yet it is unclear whether high awareness translates into effective adaptation. This study assessed climate change awareness, disaster experiences, adaptation strategies and constraints, and tested the awareness-adaptation relationship in Agbara, Ado-Odo/Ota Local Government Area, Ogun State. A cross-sectional survey of 400 adults, selected by multistage sampling in Agbara I and Agbara/Ejila Awoi wards, was complemented by stakeholder interviews and focus group discussions; data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test. Awareness was high for 63.7% of respondents, with social media the leading source. Flooding was the most experienced disaster (86.0%), and 59.5% experienced disasters yearly; the main impacts were property loss (73.5%), house damage (67.8%) and income loss (62.3%). Residents relied mainly on drainage cleaning, community cooperation and environmental sanitation, while government support was rated inadequate. Overall, 55.0% showed high adaptation. Poor drainage infrastructure, lack of financial resources and poverty were the main constraints. Awareness and adaptation were significantly associated (χ² = 80.53, df = 4, p < 0.001; Cramér's V = 0.32). Qualitative findings indicated that industries in this industrialising peri-urban area should be adaptation stakeholders but are not currently engaged. High awareness is associated with higher adaptation but does not remove vulnerability, because drainage, financial and institutional constraints limit household action. Investment in drainage and waste management, community-based early-warning systems, targeted support for low-income households and sustained community participation are recommended.