Study of the operation of the tractor diesel fuel supply system on reverse fuel emulsions.

BACKGROUND: The use of mixed fuel in diesel engines, including renewable ethanol-based fuels, contributes to the expansion of the fuel base. This factor is relevant in the context of the transition of the Russian Federation to a low-carbon model of development and reduction of emissions of harmful substances. Studies confirm the effect of ethanol supplementation on engine performance and emission parameters. In diesel engines, the fuel combustion process is one of the main points characterizing the efficiency of the power plant. Mathematical relationships are considered, taking into account the influence of physicochemical parameters of mixed fuel on the efficiency and stability of fuel supply. AIMS: Determine the area of limit values of the surface tension of fuel containing ethanol additive on the influence of the parameters of the injection and spraying process in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A method has been developed for mathematically describing the area of the limit value of the surface tension of fuel with ethanol additives. Comparative bench tests were carried out using a mechanically driven M107-CR installation and a FD-22.455.1112010-50 fuel injector used in D-245.5S2 tractor diesels. In the transparent chamber of the stand, the injection moment was recorded in accordance with the technical requirements. To monitor pressure in the fuel line, a SS302 sensor is installed through the adapter. The signal was transmitted through the IFM Electronic DN1031 amplifier to the NI COMPACT DAQ system and analyzed using the National Instruments software. RESULTS: The proposed mathematical model effectively estimates the maximum allowable surface tension of fuel with the addition of ethanol under the condition of optimal operation of the standard fuel supply system of a tractor diesel engine. The results of studies with the addition of ethanol in the range of 0% to 60% are presented. An analysis of comparative bench tests showed that the operation of the FD-22.455.1112010-50 nozzle on fuel with an ethanol content of more than 40% does not comply with GOST 10579-2017. CONCLUSIONS: A mathematical model is considered and presented, which makes it possible to quantify the maximum permissible value of the surface tension of fuel with the addition of ethanol, at which optimal spraying is ensured. Based on the analysis of a mathematical model, an assessment was made of the operation of the fuel supply system in a tractor diesel engine. The results of the study can be used to develop new fuel compositions with improved performance, as well as to optimize injection systems in diesel engines, which contributes to their energy efficiency and environmental safety.